Welcome to the website of the medals, ribbons and decorations of Israel. I made this site first of all because it deals with my hobby of collecting medals and decorations and learning their history. In the second place, I noticed that the existing sites, official Israeli sites as well as private sites, lack much data and actually contain contradicting information and inaccuracies.
The official sites of the Ministry of Defense, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and the Israel Police that are written in Hebrew, contain only minimal information about the present decorations and ribbons. Some older and obsolete items that have become history are not shown. The English versions of these sites contain even less information or are simply incorrect.
One of the reasons for this lack of information may be that the topic of decorating soldiers with medals and ribbons is not popular in Israel and has never been. This does not mean that the history of awarding decorations and insignia of Israel is not very interesting
Compared to other countries, Israel instituted very few military decorations and ribbons. For different levels of heroism or extraordinary service, three types of medals and three types of citation ribbons exist. In addition to this, for participation in the wars since 1948, nine campaign ribbons exist, not connected to any medals. No special ribbons or medals exist for servicemen who were killed, wounded, missed in action, prisoners of war etc. Nor does exist any token for long or good conduct service, except the Operational Service badge (half a year front service).
What award does a wounded in combat receive? What does the family of a soldier killed in action receive?
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USA:Purple Heart |
Israel:Badge for the disabled |
Israel: |
The above does not mean that acts of heroism are not appreciated; however,
in a country with a history of numerous wars, for most citizens, having fought
in a war is more the rule than the exception. Many of my friends in Israel do
not remember where they put the campaign ribbons they got. Often, they gave
them to their kids or threw them away.
Ribbons for acts performed
before the Independence of Israel
With the Independence of
Israel and the institution of the Israel Defense Forces in 1948, all Jewish
underground organizations were abolished. Many of the fighters for the
establishment of Israel found their place in the ranks of the IDF. It took
about 10 years before a ribbon was instituted to remember participation in the
former mainstream Hagana underground defense force. Ribbons for participation
in other organizations followed, but official recognition of the more
"right-wing" underground organizations such as the Etzel and Lechi came only
after former Etzel leader Menahem Begin became prime minister of Israel in
1977. Till then, these organizations were officially ignored.
Some of
the campaign ribbons are still available in shops but finding the service
ribbons (for acts done before the Independence of Israel) is much harder.
Since these ribbons have become history, I present, where possible pictures of
people wearing these ribbons.
In 2007, the campaign ribbon for the
Second Lebanon War was introduced; however, it was only available in an enamel
version. This tin ribbon actually does not deserve the name ribbon but badge.
Since then, all new ribbons are metal badges.
Besides the campaign
ribbons for military conflicts, this site also presents decorations to other
security forces, such as the police, the prison service, and the firefighting
service. The decorations in the form of full-size medals are almost never worn
on uniform. Instead of this, only the ribbon of the decoration is worn. No
miniature version of the medals exists.
Some samples of Israeli modesty in wearing military decorations and campaign ribbons
Do Israelis care in what order the ribbons are worn?
Actually not. Only in 2002 were official guidelines published for civilians to wear decorations and their proper order. Additionally, guidelines for the military exist, but many of the pictures displayed on this site do not adhere to these rules. For example, we present here two photos from 2012, in which the Chief of Staff, Benny Gantz, wears his two campaign ribbons in a different order.
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The relation of the Israeli public to decorations worn on the uniform
From what is written above, it may be clear that compared to other countries, the Israeli public shows little interest in the subject of decorations. This makes it extremely hard to find good pictures of men and women wearing decorations. During a 2008 meeting of thousands of veterans of the War of Independence of 1948, only a handful of men appeared with campaign ribbons!
Civilian awards
Israel awards a single state honor, the Israel Prize, for excellence in the sciences, culture, sports, lifetime achievement, or an exceptional contribution to the nation. Similar to the military decorations, no levels or "classes" exist in this decoration. The layout of the badge is even more modest.
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USA: President's Award for Distinguished Federal Civilian Service |
Netherlands: |
Israel:
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Commemorative medals
In contrast to the relatively small number of
decorations and ribbons for the security forces, the presentation of
commemorative medals as a token of recognition has become widespread. Awarding
them to members of army units is not ruled by the Ministry of Defense, but
initiated at the army unit level.
Since I received several questions
about Israeli medals of all types, I have added a page with a wide range of
special or rare medals. This website presents numerous pictures and other
materials that were generously offered to me for publication by kind
individuals from around the world. I take the opportunity to thank them again
and encourage others to share their knowledge and pictures with me for
publication.